
Microbiome Imbalance
Harmony or war?
What is it?
The gut microbiome consists of trillions of microorganisms (bacteria, fungi, parasites, & viruses) all living peacefully together within the small and large intestine. In health, these potentially pathogenic and symbiotic organisms coexist without issues. When something disrupts the harmony however is when an imbalance can occur. This can also be known as dysbiosis.
What causes an imbalance?
Any number of things can bring on dysbiosis, the list is long.
Infection
Poor diet
Lack of fruits and vegetables
Lack of fiber
Over exercise
Under exercise
Stress
Anxiety
Exposure to contaminated foods and beverages
Prolonged use of antibiotics
Lack of sleep
Surgery
Genetics
Other drugs & dietary supplements
Protein powders
Hygiene
Eating too much sugar
Over-consumption of food additives & preservatives
Alcohol consumption
And the list goes on.
What are the consequences?
This list is also a long one.
Gut-specific symptoms:
Gas
Bloating
Diarrhea
Constipation
Reflux/GERD
SIBO
Leaky gut.
Other symptoms related to a gut microbiome imbalance:
Fatigue
Insomnia
Moodiness & irritability
Trouble concentrating
Issues with the skin
Weight fluctuations
Challenge with losing weight
Sugar cravings
Development of diseases.
The development of disease is probably the most concerning. As research uncovers more about the gut, it's role and involvement in different disease states is clear. The long-term consequences of a microbiome imbalance could be frightening.
How can an imbalance be identified?
There are several different tests that can be done. A doctor can run a stool test to see if there’s an overgrowth of pathogenic bacteria and microbes present, and a gastroenterologist can run a breath test to look for SIBO (Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth). A colonoscopy and/or endoscopy can be done to get a full picture of anything structurally happening within your gut. A biopsy during these procedures may be required to diagnose or confirm what exactly is going on. Scientists are starting to find specific strains of bacteria that are elevated in certain diseases.
How to support the health of the gut microbiome?
Besides visiting with a doctor and doing additional testing, your best bet is to work with a Registered Dietitian Nutritionist. These individuals are uniquely and specifically trained to understand symptoms, tests, lab values, and help patients identify what is going on as well as begin the steps towards healing.
In the meantime, though here are some things that can help support a happy and healthy gut microbiome:
exercise regularly and not to exhaustion
eat 3 servings of fruit and 3 servings of vegetables every day, minimum
get a healthy amount of quality sleep
address and decrease your stress and anxiety
eat more fish like salmon and tuna
decrease your intake of processed foods
drink plain water
eat at least 1 plant-based meal every week
watch and decrease your consumption of additives and preservatives
and, control your portions.
References
Harvard T.H. Chan, School of Public Health. (n.d.). The Microbiome. Retrieved from https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/microbiome/
Hrncir, T. (2022). Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis: Triggers, Consequences, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Options. Microorganisms, 10(3), 578. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8954387/
Seymour, K. (2022, December). Signs Of An Unhealthy Gut. Forbes. Retrieved from https://www.forbes.com/health/body/signs-of-unhealthy-gut-improve-gut-health/